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E. G. C. LOFGREN PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Original Filed m 18. 1921 ll Sheets-Sheet 7 Nov. 1, 1927.

E. G. C. LOFGREN PRINTING T ELEGRAPH MACHINE l1 Sheets-Sheet 9 Original Filed June 1 1921 z yerzfor; "mm", i Z'i/rzar'ia Z10 71972 Nov. 1, 1927. 1,647,456

E. G. c. LOFGREN PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Original Filed 18, 1921 ll Sheets-Sheet l0 7 Jrrerzior: mar e: Ziofyl enl Patented Nov. 1, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFECE.

EINAR G. C. LOFGREN, O13 MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNGR TO ELECTED-ME- CHANICAL DEVELOPMENT COIliZPE-illl'll', A GQRPURATION 0F MINNEEZOTA.

PRINTINGr TELEGRHLIPIE MACHINE.

Application filed June 18, 1921, Serial No. 4%,698. Renewed January 25, 1927.

It is my objectto render telegraphic communication more eflicient and cheaper by providing comparatively simple means for sending and concurrently recording messages at both the transmitting and receiving ends of a telegraph system.

A further object of my invention is to eliminate or greatly reduce the chance of error in transmitting messages.-

Another object of my invention is to do away with the necessity of an operator at the receiving end of a telegraph system.

A further object of my invention to provide an instrument oi this kind which is adapted to transmit messages over a single main line or circuit.

A. still further object of my invention is to provide, at each station, a single compact machine which is adapted to transmit, re ceive and print messages.

Other objects of my invention will appear and be more fully pointed out in the following specification and claims.

To attain the above objects I provide an instrument which may be easily adapted for use with any form oi telegraphy, whether simplex, duplex, quadruplex, multiplex, se lective or wireless as well as with any staur ard telephone system now in use.

To send messages with my improved printing telegraph an operator requires no knowledge of codes and in my present embodiment I have illustrated a machine having a key board arranged like a standard typewriter so that any typist may'operate the machine. As the message is transmitted a copy automatically made and is visible at both the transmitting and receiving ends of the sys tem. The general design. of my transmittin and receiving mechanism is like a typewriter. the message being recorded on a sheet of paper. placed in the usual manner, around a stationary roller platen or the record may be made on paper mounted on a separate roll and fed to the platen. The type are mounted in two rows around the periphery of a type wheel which is moved longitudinally with respect to the roller platen and adapted to strike said roller. This longitudinal movement of the type wheel, as well as the movement of the several other parts of the machine, is produced by eleetromagnets under the control of local circuits which are completed when the keys are manipulated. Thus, used close circuits which operate magnets in connection with the moving parts of the machine and a pair of line relays.

My machine is divided into two distinct sections: first, the selective division, operated by local circuits and including the selective dial, the line relay and line reversing relay under control of the key board, and second, the receiving or printing division controlled by the line circuit and containing a double relay, which is the only instrument directly operated by the line circuit. This relay controls local circuits which actuate printing, shitting, spacing, back-spacing and type carriage return magnets.

Selection of characters on the type whee is accomplished by means of combinations 0t electrical impulses of difierent natures. In the present embodiment combinations of impulses flowing in different directions, that is, east to west or positive impulses and west to east or negative impulses are used. However, it is obviously possible to obtain selection of the characters by means of combinations ot impulses of different strength or frequency as hereinafter described.

The drawings, forming a part of this spec ifioation, illustrate what I at present believe to be the best term of my device but it will be obvious that modifications may be made within the spirit ot my invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved printing telegraph machine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and showing the location of the key board contacts and the several relay instruments and actuating magnets; Fig. l is a section taken on the line -jl;- l of Figure 1; Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is asection taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 1; Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of the type wheel stopratchet; Fig. 8 is a longitudinal fragmentary section through the casing and showing the type wheel carriage and supporting mechanism in front elevation; Fig. 9 is a detail side elevation of the arcuate switch; Fig. 10 is a central vertical section through the type carriage return drum; Fig. 11 is a section taken on the line ll-1l oi Fig.10; Fig. 12 is a detail plan view of the type wheel guide disc; Fig. 1.3 is a fragmentary transverse on through the roller plat n and easing, diagrammatieally the .tien

of the printing and shifting mechanism; Fig. 14 is a section taken on the line -lit- 1 lof Fig. 13, showing a detail rear view of the printing return spring and adjacent mechanism; Fig. 15 is a 'lragnientary section through the casing and type wheel su1i porting mechanism showing the connection between the spacing and printing mechanism; Fig. 16 is a detail plan view of the selective dial switch and actuating magnets; Fig. 17 isan end view of the same partly in section; Fig. 18 is a side elevation of the same partly in section; 19 is a side elevatirnro't the ribbon carriage; Fig. 20 is a section talccn on the line 202O of Fig. 19; Fig. 21 is a section taken on the line 2i-21 o't l i' 19; Fig. 22 is a section taken on the line 22-2z3 o'f'Fig. 5; Fig 23 is'a diagram oi. the wiring); of the selective division of my device; F 2 t-is' a diagram of the wiring of the receir ingor printing division of my device; Fig. 25 is a chart illustrating a suitable arrange ment of'combinations of positive and negative impulses used to select the several characters on the type wheel and Fig. 2G is a diagr'annnatic View sl'iowing an alternate form of instruments which adapt my device for use with a quadruplex telegraph systei or where the selection of characters is accomplished by varying the strength instead of the direction of electrical impulses sent over the line.

Referring to the accompanying drawings I'haveused the numeral 1 (Figs. 1 to c, inc.) to indicate the casing which encloses the several instruments and their wiring and type wheel actuating and supporting mechanism. A roller platen 3, adapted to re ceive paper for recording a message, isrevolubly mounted on ears 2 which extend upward from the casing 1 and a type wheel projects from an opening 5 in the top ol said casing. The keys 6 and space bar 7 also project from within the casing 1 and are resiliently supported by springs 8 connected to blocks 9 which are fastened to the casing, (see Fig. 6). Each key is provided with a rigid downwardly projecting conductor 10 which is designed, when the hey is depressed, to connect four contacts 11, 12, 13 and l-l mounted on supports 15 which in turn are rigidly secured to the bottom of the casing 1..

Supported at its ends on the casing 1, ml ja'cent to the periphery of the roller 3, is a graduated scale 16 (Figs. 1, 6 and 19) of the kind usually present on typewriters. Bi slidable ribbon carriage 17 is held in contact with this scale by a small-spring 18. The inhi'ibbon' 19 is wound at its ends on suitabie drums 20 which feed said ribbon between guide clips 21 on the ribbon carriage, (Figures 1, 2, 6, 19 and 21).

Two rows ottype (as illustrated 76 characters) arerigidly mounted on the periphery of the type wheel 1 and said wheel is fast mamas on the upper cud o t a spirullc 22. This spindie 22 (Figs. ti, 8 and l t) is supporlcd at. its lower end on a square rod 23 and is adapted to be tilted so as to bring the pcriphcrr ol' the type wheel :1- against the roll or 3 tor printing. The spindle 22 is also rerolul le at its lower end in a bearing; 22 so as to be turned in said hearing :"or the selection of haracters as hcroina'l tcr dcscribcd,

(Fig. ill.

The bearing il-iis supporlml by a yolio 25 which is tree to tilt on collars fit) at its lon'cr curls. 'lhcsc collars 2b are slidablo longitndinully on the rod 2 1 but are prerented from rotating thereon b the :u'lgular crosi. section at said rod. it pair ol arms 27 (Fig. 33) are plvotally conncctcd at. their tor ward end: to the collars 2d and extend rear-- wardly in parall l relation. being provided with bcarinos on rorh: 25% and 29. 'lhe rod 253 is rigidlysupported at. its curls in the casing l and the rod 9 extends snilis-stantinlly the length o t the niachincybcing supported at its ends by a pair of arms similar to the arms 9?. it. tourth rod. ill (Fi 5. ti. 9 and l3) c3? *nds parallel to the rods 23, 28 and. 2S) and is prorided to transmit tilting motion to the spindle 22 on the printing stroke as llQl'DllllltGl described.

f n'rp'uY so sclcctin r mm Firm; is m.

The impulse selecting mechanisn1 which detcrrnii the number and character of impulses sent over the line for each character. includes (Fig. 2 7;) an alternating current. generator ii. batteries J i and l}. the lacy board. a selector dial 32. the line relay 3d and the line rercrsing relay ill. The circuits comprise an actuating alternating currcnl) circuit for the selector dial 212 and two sclccti'vo circuits which dctcrniine the numbcr andlrind of impulses rent. for each churactor (Figs. 16, ii", l8 and. 23). The key board is indicated diagrannnatically by a series 01. parallel wires in connection w th the several contact pins on the selector dial casing The selector dial consists of a stationary outer ca i. 3.1 and a series of coruluctm' segments rerolnbly mounted within the cue ing 35 and arranged to be rotated by a ratchet wheel 36. ll. stud 3T. rigidly hold at its lower end in the casing 1.. forms a pivotal support for the conductor segments within the casing 35. the several segments being secured to a sleeve 39 which is rorolubio on said stud. 'lhc dial proper is divided into upper and lower parts ll and ill. respectively. the port ll) being o 5 less diurnetcr than the part 2:19. This part 39 consi.--:ls of upper an lower intcrmcshing conductor segments 4-1 and i2 which are. respectively divided into huh s by insulating material and a bar 4-3. "this bar extends diametrically through the part 35) and is insulated till ill]

mamas from the segments ll and 41:2. The part L0 is also divided into upper and lower conductor segments 44: and 45 which are sepa rated from each other and divided into halves by insulating material. Projecting from the casing 35 is a spring conductor l6, which makes contact with the upper surface of the segment ll and a similar spring conductor a? nia 'cs contact with the lower surface of the P nent 4-2. Suitable springs on the outer periphery of the casing 35 hold a pair of diametrically opposite pins 48 and 4:9 in contact with the interaneshing portions of the segments 4-1 and d2. Pins indicated by numerals 50 to 65, inclusive, simi lar to the pins 418 and 4.9, are also mounted in the casing and are held in contact with the segments 4d and 4-5 of the part 40 by springs, the pins 51 to 58, inclusive, making contact with the upper 569311611544 and the pins 59 to 65, inclusive, making contact with the lower segment 4-5. The parts 40 and 41 are insulated. from each other and from the central sleeve 88' as well as the ratchet wheel 36.

When one of the keys is depressed. the sleeve 38, carrying the several dial segments, is rotated by the following mechanism; a pair of electromagnets 66, mounted upon the base of the casing 1, by supports 67, is provided with rectangular cores which are joined at one'end by a cross bar 68 and formed with inwardly projecting poles (39 at their opposite ends. A permanent magnet T0 is pivotally mounted on the cross bar 68 by means of a pin 71, one end of said magnet being positioned between the poles 69 so as to be actuated thereby hereinafter described. :Etigidly secured to the magnet 70, at its opposite end, is a pair 05 arms 72 which straddle the ratchet and have inwardly projecting ends formed to engage the teeth of said ratchet tor rotating the selector dial. v(lpenation oi the selector dial controlled by a third electromagnet '73. The latter magnet is provided with an armature 74, one end of which is pivotally connected to a spring 75, the opposite end of said armature being bent toward the stud 37 and formed with lugs 76 and 77. The spring; i rormally holds the lug 76 against the spring (5 of a switch 78 (mounted on the casing 35) so that said switch is normally closed. A second spring switch 79 is also mounted on the casing" 35 but is normally open and adapted to be closed by the lug 7'? when the magnet 73 is energized. A small coiled spring 80 holds the armature 74: against a stop 81 when the magnet 73 is deenergized. A cam 82, formed with two radial stops 83, is secured to the sleeve 38 just beneath the ratchet 36 and when the magnet 73 is energized the free end of the armature 74. impinges against and is held in contact with the periphery of said cam.

The line relay 33 and line reversing relay 3e are mounted on the base of the casing 1 by means of supports similar to the supports 67, and blocks of insulating material are rigidly fined on one end of said supports. These blocks carry the armatures S4 and 85 01": the relays 83 and 3- 1, (Fig. 23) said armat-u being; flexible and secured at one end to said blocks, respectively. The free end of the armature 84- normally makes contact with a terminal 86, but when the coil of the relay 33 is energized makes electrical connection with the armature 85. A strip of conducting material 87 is rigidly mounted in pa *allel relation *ith and insulated from the armature 85, being; adapted to normally make contact with a terminal 88. The armature 85 makes contact with a terminal 89 until the reversing relay is energized when the armature 85 makes contact with a terminal 90 and the strip 87 simultaneously makes contact with the terminal 89.

Operationof vim-pulse selecting mechanism.

When a key is depressed the contacts 11, i2, i3 and 14: (lligs. 6 and 22)) beneath the hey are connected by the conductor 10. As indicated in the wiring diagram, Fig. 23, each contact 11 is connected with one of the pins 51 to 58; all of the contacts 12 are in circuit with the coil of the electromagnet 73; all of the contacts 13 are in circuit with the battery B and each contact 14 is connectod with one ot the pins to 65, inclusire. Thus, when a key closes the connection between one series of terminals 11., 12, 123 and 14; current flows from the battery l3 over the wire 91 to the Contact 13, to the conductor 10, to the contact 12, over a wire 99,, through the magnet 73 and back to the battery, over the wire 93. This energizes the magnet 73 which closes the spring switch 79. The switch 78, being already closed and said switch and the switch 79 being in ci.r-' cult with the generator G, the wires 9%, 95, 96, 97 and the coils of the magnet 66, an alternating current now :liows through said coils so as to vibrate the magnet between the poles 69. Vibration of the magnet 70 is transmitted to the arms 72 and said arms rotate the ratchet 36 together with the cam F52 and selector dial, in the direction indicated by arrows in Figs. 16 and 23, until one of the radial stops 83, of said cam, strikes the end of the armature 7d. Vl hen this occurs said armature is moved longi tudinally against the action of the spring so as to break the generator circuit at the switch 78 and stop rotation of the selector dial. Thus, for each character transi'nitted thee-elector dial is rotated one halt oi": one revolution.

The above described rotation of the selector dial senos combinations of impulses over the line as follows. Referring to Fig.

till

all.

25 and assuming the letter P is to be transmitted, tour negative and three positive in)- pulses will be sent over the line. This couibination, as indicated in Fig. 2, will he obtained by a key havin its contact '11 connected to the pin 57 on the part -10 of the selector dial; and its contact 11 connected with the pin 62 of the part 1-0. Now when the he tor the-letter l is depressed, in addition to completing the actuating; and control magnet circuits described above the following nunieil circuits are completed. From the battery ll currenttlows over the wire 91, contact 13, conductor 10 (and (livides) a part of the current flowing; over the wire 98 lo the pin 57 and a part llowinn by the wire 99 to the pin (32. ms the selector dial rotates current lows from the pin a: to one halt ot the s cut 41 and as soon as the division point 01 said segment has passed the pin 59, current flows tron'i said segment over the pin 59 and wire 100, throi the coil 33 and returns to the hatter; ll r'a a wire 101 and the wire 92%. This ener the line relay to connect the tree end or the armature 8% with the fixed end or the ariuature 85. Current now flows over the line from the battery 11 viaa wire 108. to the terminal 89, by the arn stores and Set. over wires 10% and 105, to toe spring con tact 16 and from said contact to the upper intermcshing segment 41:1, then to ie pin 19, and each time one of the interineshing portions of said segment passes the pin l0, an electrical impulse will, be sent over the line via the ground connection 106. The circuit is completed through the ground connection of the receiving instrinnent, the current returning over the line wire 102, wires 107, 108, the terminal 88 and wire 109. l i hen the pin 57 is connected to the actuated key in the line relay circuit, said circuit will be closed until the half 01? the segment 14 in contact with the pin 59 has passed the pin 57 during which time seven of the interlneshing portions 01? the segment 41 will have passed. the pin Thus. the total number of impulses sent for each character is determined by the connection n" the pins 51 to 58. The nun'iber of POSl'tlZO impulses sent depends upon which of the pins 60 to 65, inclusive, is in connection with the contact 14: of the particular key. In the case of the letter P in which the pin 2 is connected to the contact la; the following circuits are completed. Current which flows from the battery B to the pin 62, as described above, passes by one of the halves ot the segment 45 to the pin 50 (as soon as the dial rotates) and from said dial over a wire 110 to the coil of the reversing relay 3 1 and re turns to the battery B via a. wire 111 and the wire 93. This energizes the reversing relay and connects the terminal with the armature 85 and the terminal 89 with the strip eiress 81 llhe terminals of the battery are thus reversed and current llows over the line in the reverse direction as 'lollows: lroui the battery it current llows lo the terminal 1 0, over lho wire 100, thence \ia ll arnnilurcs 5:75 and 111, the wires 101, 1.0.3. the contact ill. intern'icshingr segment 1 1, pin 1?), ground over the line returning); i'ia wires 102, 101'.

terminal t ll, wire 10511. rlrip fill. lcriuinal Fill and wire 103 to the battery. lhc spring; "l'i' (h ip 15 which inahes contact with he 1.. hasv passed the pin hi, in the prcsent instance. tour of these negative impulses will he sent. 'l hus, for the letter l7 three positive and tour negative impulses are sent over the line 102.

its stated above the characters are arranged on the type whee]. l in two rows, one iliiOfC the other. it is, therefore, necessary to clitlerentiate the combination of impulses sent over the line or the selection ot the lower jl roin the upper row of type. This is done by lengthening the first inunilse sent over the line for the selection ol the characters on the lower row ot type. The bar of conducting material 4-2 which extends diametrically through the upper part 31) ol? the selector dia is insulated :troni the see"- nients 4-1 and 42 and the sleeve ltl and its ends extend to the periphery ol' the part :30 so as to make contact with the inner ends of the pins 18 and -10 when the dial rotates.

ll henerer the dial begins to rotate. the pin 48 and the bar til thus make electrical. connection between the pins {l8 and +19 and complete a circuit from the line .102 through the wires 1.1.3 and lltl, a switch 11.51. a wire 114; to the pin -18. through the bar ell-l, pin -19, to the ground 100. This completes the line circuitlo permit messages to be sent simul taneously in both directions as in the duplex telegram system. The switch 115 is actuated by one out the keys 0 (the shift key) and when said hey is depressed the circuit, between the wires 116 and 11 1-, is ln'ohen and the following circuit is completed. he the dial switch 32 connnences to rolalc current will tlow from the battery it. (the line relay 33 being actuated simultancously as do scribed above) over the wire 109. terminal 88, armature 87, wire 108. terminal 80, wire 107, over the line 102, returning from the ground 106 and tlowinghy the pin 19, bar -13,

till

llll

lllll lllfi pin 48, wire 114e, switch 115, wire 117, wire 104, armature 8i, armature 85, terminal 39 and wire 103 back to the battery. This sends an impulse over the line through the bar 43 which lengthens the iirst impulse (the impulse sent through the pin 51 or 60) when the shift key is actuated.

Referring to the chart (Fig. the small numerals in the upper right hand corner of each square indicate the position of the characters on the type wheel and the larger letters and ligures in the center of each square indicate the character. The squares to the right and beneath the heavy line 113 represent the blank spaces on the type wheel. As will be readily understood from this chart, the maximum number of impulses used to transmit any character is eight. Thus, the letter C is selected by using seven negative impulses and one positive, other characters being selected by various other combinations not exceeding eight. A single negative impulse is employed to operate the spacing and type wheel returning ntiagnets and two negative impulses are employed to operate the back spacing magnet as herein after described.

The main line or circuit includes not only the battery it, the miniatures ol the line relay and reversing relay and the part 39 ot the dial switch, but also two cells 119 and 120 in series at both the sending and receiving ends oi. the line, (Fig. 2 1). One side of the circuit, through the coils 119 and 1120, is groijinded at 121.

[face wing or plantain-y (hi vision.

The pi-biting division is controlled by a pair of relays consisting of the coils 119 and 1220 (Figs. 6 and 24:), the aruuitures and 126 and permanent magnets 122 and 123, the coils 119 and 120 being in series in the line circuit 192 (Figs. 23 and 2 1). The coils 1.1.9 and 129, through which the line current passes, are supported upon the base of the casing 11 (Figs. 3, 6, and 24) near the right hand end thereof and permanent horse-shoe magnets 122 and 123 surround said coils, the poles oi said magnets being positioned at opposite sides of the open upper ends of hollow cores within said coils. Insulation 124;, between the casing 1 and the bottom of the coils 119 and 120, supports the lower ends of ari'natures 125 and 126, said armatures being pivotally mounted in said insulation in substantially upright position within the hollow cores of said coils. The upper ends of the armatures 125 and 126 are held out-ward by springs 127 and an insulated plate 123, provided with a binding. post 129 and contact screws 130 and 131. is mounted on the upper surface oil the adjacent poles oi" the magnets 122 and 123. By this arrangement current flowing through the coils 119 and 120 will poiarize the armatures 125 and 126 with the upper ends of said armatures oi opposite polarity so that the armature 125 is brought against the contact screw 130 by current flowing in one direction through the coils 119 and 120 and current flowing in the opposite direction will cause the armature 126 to be brought against the screw 131.

Dogs 132 and 133 are pivotally mounted on the upper ends of the armatures 125 and 126, respectively, (Figs. 4; and 6). These dogs are adapted to engage rack quadrants on the lower ends or levers 134: and 135, said levers being supported by a bracket 136, which is secured to the end of the casing 1, (Figs. 3, a, 5, 6 and S). The lever 135 has its fulcrum point at 137 on the bracket 136 and its upper end is connected by a link 138 to the upper end 01 the lever 134. A second 1 link 139 connects the lever 134 with the upper end of a crank 1 10, said crank being secured to the end of the square rod 23. The pin 134:, which connects the link 139 with the lever 134i, projects and is slidably held in a slot (indicated at 134 in Fig; 6) in the bracket 133. it pair of detents 1 11 are piv otally mounted, adjacent to the racks on the lower ends oi? the levers 13 1 and 135, upon a cross bar 11-12, said bar being also tiltably connected to the bracket 136 by a pin 143. The cross bar i i-2 is held upward, so as to cause the pointed upper ends of the detents 1&1 to engage the teeth of the acent racks;

by a light spring 144 and a series of small pins, mounted, respectively, on the bar 142 above the several dogs 132 and 133 and the detents 141 form stops for upward movement of said dogs and detents. A series of small springs, coiled around the pivot pins 01 said dogs and detents, hold the same upward against said pins. By this arrange ment the dogs 132 and 133 and the detents 141 are normally held in engagement with the racks on the lower ends of the levers 134i and 135 but downward tilting move ment of the cross bar 142 will disengage said dogs and dctents from said racks.

A second crank 145 (Figs. 6 and 8) is secure against rotation on the rod 23 but free to slide longitudinally thereon with the type wheel carriage. The crank 145 is arranged to engage a pm 1 16 on a stop bar 1 17 and the latter bar is tiltably mounted on the rod 23 adjacent to the crank 1 15, being provided to engage the teeth of a helical ratchet 148. This ratchet is fast on the type wheel spindle 22, above a pinion 149, which is also fast 011 said spindle. A rack quadrant is mounted adjacent to said pinion upon the upper end of a support 151, which is tiltable on one of the collars 26. The support 151 extends beneath the rod 23 and a spring 152, connected to the lower extremity of said support and to the adjacent arm 27, tends to hold the upper end of the support lllb 151 downward and to the left (Fig. 6). To return the crank 1415 to starting position, after each printing stroke, I provide a spring which connects a projection 1 15 on said crank with one of the arms 27 (see Figs. 6 and 8). A type wheel guide disc 153 (Figs. 6 and 12) is fast on the spindle 22. just beneath the type wheel 4 and is arranged to engage a tooth 15 1 in notches 155 in the periphery of said wheel, at the end of each printing stroke.

The printing mechanism proper is operated by a magnet 156 (Figs. 8, 5 and 13) which, like the shifting magnet 157 spacing magnet 158, back spacing magnet 159 and type wheel return magnet 160. consists oi a-solenoid coil having a suitably designed plunger. The rod 31 transmits tilting motion'to the spindle 22. by means of the yoke 25,- and is supported at one end by an arm 161 and at its other end by a crank 162. The arm 161 and crank 162 are tiltably supported on bushings near the extremities oi the square rod 23. while the end 162 of the crank 162 is pivotally connected by i link 163. to the upper end of the plunger ot the magnet 156. Dependent from the arm 30 is a spring abutment 16 1 (Figs. 13 and 1:1). This abutment is rigidly secured to the lower edge of the arm and its inwardly projecting end 164 is slotted to receive the plunger link 163. A tension spring 165 is coiled around the link 163, beneath the abutment 1641 and is secured at its upper end to said abutment and at its lower end to the plunger of the magnet 156. This spring tends to withdraw the plunger from the magnet 156 and to return the type wheel 1 after the printing stroke.

A link 166, similar to the link 163, con-- nects the rod 29, adjacent to the arm 80, with the plunger ot the shifting magnet 157. Thus, as will be readily understood, when the magnet 157 is energized its plunger will be drawn downward together with the link 166 and rod 29. This tilts the supporting arms 30 on the rod 28 and raises the square rod 23, carrying the type wheel. 1:, so as to strike the platen 8 with the lower row type on the printing stroke.

Three racks 167, 168 and 169 (Figs. 4. and 22) are provided to stop and release the type wheel carriage under the action ot the spacing magnet 158, back spacing magnet 159 and type wheel release magnet 166. These racks are provided with teeth on their upper edges which engage co-acting teeth on a block 170, mounted between the arms 27 on the rod 28. Pins 171 pii-otally connect the rack 168 with supporting and actuating bars 172 and 173 and said pins also support the rack 167 in horizontal slots 174. in the latter rack. Thus, the rack 167 is supported by but free to move longitudinally on the pins 171 and the rack 168 is supported by eaane said pins. n..cted at its end 173 to the casing 1 and is joined at its opposite end to the bar 176 and to the forward end of an actuating lerer 176 by a pin 175. The pin 175, which connects the bar 172 to the lever 17 6. 7 through a horizontal slotin the end oi: bar 173. the opposite end of said hur being pivotally connected by an ear. between the levers 134i: and 135, to the bracket 136. The rearward end ot the lever .176 is pivotally connected to the casing 1 and said lever is arranged to be actuated by the magnet 166. the core of said magnet being connected by a link 177 to said lever intermediate its ends. A spring 178 (Fig. 22) connected to the cusing 1, tends to witlulraw the plunger from the magnet- 160 and to raise the forward end oi the lever 176. Thus, when the magnet 160 energized the racks 167 and 168 are moved downward out of engagement with the block (the rack 167 being free to more lmigitiulinally. independently oi the rack 167) and when current ceases to [low in the magnet 160 the spring 176 returns said, racks to ongagl'ei'nent with the block 176.

.11 lug 167 rigidly secured to the lower edge ot the rack 167. is termed with a bevelled. surtacm which is des gned to oubevclled surluce on a lug 112 on the cr bar 11-2. These row-ting lugs operate :10 depress the spring siujuiorted end of the cross ha r 1-1-2 whenever the rark 167' is moved. downward 101' back spacing or for releasing the type wheel carriage and also when said rank is moved lougitiulinally toward said cross bar in the spumng operation.

In connection with the above descrihrul type wheel release 1no(':h:uiism l. provide means for rusting the roller platen ila part ot a revolution each than the ma 1.56 energized. "this mechanism eons. (Figs' 1. and ot a suhstantiully \Qltical link 257 conneetiul to the lurer 1.76 at its lower extremity and joined to a suhs-ituntially horizontal lever 258 at its upper end. The latter lover is pirotully mounted on the var ing 1 by means ot a pin 25!) and is arruugw! to actuate a linger 261) to engage a ratchet 261, which is that on the simporting spindle ot the roller platen 3. so that each time the magnet 160 is actuated the link 257 is drawn downwai to raise the linger :fi'ui and turn the ratchet 261 to allow space lrolwcon lines oi the printed characters on said roller.

The llit'h' 16$) is supported h two bars 179 and 166 (Figh and 22) \Ylllt'll are pivotally connected to each oil at their adjacent ends and at their remote ends to said rack. lirackets 161. extending upward from the base oi? the casing '1. Form pivotal supports for the bars and 166 and. a link 182 eonuerts the middle of the bar 176 with the plunger ot the magnet 1581. The

The bar 172 is pirotallr' eonrack 169 is normally out of engagement with till the block 17 O and its longitudinal position, in relation to the rack 168, is such that its teeth are positioned intermediate the teeth of the latter rack. By this arrangement the rack 169 is moved upward into engagement with the teeth on the block 170 when the magnet 159 is energized. A dependent fork 183, rigidly secured at its upper end to the bar 17 9 (Figs. 5 and and stiaddling the upper edge of the lever 7'0, at its lower end transmits downward movement of said bar to said lever. The fork 188, thus causes the lever 176 and bars 172 and 173 to dopress the racks 18? and when the magnet 159 is energized.

The spacing magnet 158 is connected with the rack 167 by linkage consisting of a lever 18 1 and a crank 185 (Figs. 1 and 5). The crank 185 is pivotally supported on a bracket 186 and connected to the rack 16? by a pin through a vertical slot in the upper end of said crank. The rearward end of the lever 184: is connected by a suitable link to the plunger of the magnet 158 and the forward extremity of said lever is connected by a substantially vertical link 187 to another lever 188 which has its fulcrum point in a pair of ears 188 on the casing l. lliepcnd ent from the printing magnet crank 102 a. link 189 which is pivotally connected to the lever 188. ward motion from the crank 162 to the lever 188 when the printing magnet 156 is encrgized WllGIlBVel the prii'iting stroke occurs.

A. drum 190, upon which a cord 191 is wound, is provided to move the arms 27, carrying the type wheel and connecting the mechanism, longitudinally on the rods 23, 28, 29 and 31 against a padded stop 192 when the racks 167 and 168 are released from engagement withthe block 17 0 (Figs. 2, 1, 5, 8, 10 and 11). The cord 191 is secured at one end to the periphery of the drum 190, passes through an aperture 198 in the casing 1, around a small pulley 19 1, through a perforation 191 (Fig. 9) in the adjacent arm 30 and is secured at its opposite end to the adjacent arm 2?. The drum 190 is revoluble upon a stud 195 which projects outward from the end of the casing 1 and a helical spring. 196, within said drum, is secured at its inner end to the stud 195 and at'its outer end to the inner surface of a disc 190, which is revcluble on the stud 195 independently of the drum proper. A pawl 197, mounted on the inside surface of the disc 190 is arranged to engage an internal ratchet gear 198 formed on the drum proper. The pawl 197 and ratchet 198 are arranged so that rotation of the disc 190 will change the tension of the spring 196. The pawl 197 may be released from engagement with the rack 198 to lessen the tension of the spring 196 by inserting a suitable pin This link transmits down-.

through a perforation 199 in said drum. The perforation 191, in the arm 30, adjacent to the drum 190, is provided to guide the cord 191 past the arcuate switch mechanism.

li leans, for raising the ribbon 19 into the path of the type on the printing stroke, consist of substantially upright rods 200 slidable at their upper ends in a guide 201 and pivotally connected at their lower ends to a pair of levers 202. These levers are tiltably supported on ears formed on the arms 2?, and joined at their ends adjacent to the rod 28 to a crank 201. he connection between the levers 202 and the crank 204 consists of a rod fastened at its ends to said levers and slidable in a slot in the end of said crank. The crank 20a is connected by a pin 206 to the yoke 25, said pin being held at its ends in said yoke and secured to said crank in an ear 207'. The support 201 straddles the arms 27 and has bearings at its lower end on the rod 2. i l hen the yoke 25 tilts on the prlnting stroke the crank 20 1 is ca 'ried do vni." id to its dotted line position (llig. 19), the ribbon carriage 17, being carried upward to its dotted line position.

The arcuate switch, shown in detail in. l in'. 9, is used to close severally the circuits ctmtrolling the magnets 158 to 160, inclusivc. This switch is mounted upon the outer surface of one of the arms 30 (Figs. 5, 8 and 9) and consists of large and small gear segments 208 and 209, a wiper bar 210 and an arcuate support 211 having three insulated contact buttons 212, 218 and 21% mounted thereon. The segmental. gear 208 is fast on the square rod 23 and formed with a cir cnlar periphery 215 and gear teeth 216. These teeth engage teeth on the gear segment 209, and a lug 217, formed on the latter gear segment, isv arranged to strike the circular portion 215 and stop rotation of the segment 209 when the teeth 210 become disengaged froin the teeth on the segment 209. A spindle 218 is revolubly mounted in the arm 27 and supports the segment 209 and the wiper 210, said segment and wiper being fast on the end of said spindle. By this arrangement when the rod 28 is turned in the direction indicated by an arrow in Fig. 9 the wiper 210, which is made of conducting material, makes electrical contact successively with each of the buttons 212, 213 and 21 .1.

A short impulse relay 219 and a long impulse relay 220 (Fig. 2 1) are used to control the several actuating magnets, the relay 219 is used to control the printing magnet 156, the spacing magnet 158 and the back spacing magnet 159 and the relay 220 used to control the shifting magnet 15? and type wheel carriage release magnet 100. The relays 219 and 220 are similar in construc- Ill) tion but the armature of the relay 1s lighter than the eri'iiatur'o of t 220. lnsulziteil ears support tli 220 e urinatures 221 and 222 on the upper en'ls or the relay coils said ariniitures being tiltibly connected to seirl ears. The ovei.'--liane'ing cf.

ot the arinatures 2 1 and 222 are arranged to normally niei coi set with screw i an i EZect rical operation. of printing division.

A local battery C ii current for the pri'iting division ol iiiy device and one terminal of this hatte connected by branching wires 2231) line the armatures anil 126, i-espe the character selecting relays. "ii coils 119 ancl-12 are energized, by zi i in pulse from the line 102, the armature l- 126 is brought momentarily in contact with the terminal, or 131 unit couiplelc-i t i following circuit through the i-ehi 2H) :iiiil 220. An impulse is sent from the iziti through the terminal 130 or 131 to the ing post 129 over a wire 232; thence b l to the supports 126 and 12]" and pa:

through the contact screws 22-1 iiiiil 2" the arinatures 221 and 222; then over wires 20o and 254 hrough the coils of lioth relax and returns to the better over wires .wifi and 286. It ii short impulse has been sent through the coils 219 and 220 the iiu iiiilse over the wire rill be short and only the armature 221 will hare time to act hut ii a longer inipulse has been sent through seitl coils both the ariiiiiture 221 anti will he actuated uncl severally close the circuits between saicl arniaturcs end the terminal screws 228 and 229, respectively. New in case a single short in'ipulse is sent over the line the arciuite switch is turucil as l ereiualter described to bring the wiper 210 in conactwith the first button 212 and the circuit between the screw 228 and zii'niiiture 221 is closed. liurrent flows 'tlOll'l the buttery C over a wire 237, the wiper 210. a wire 2238, through the spacing coil 1.58. over :1 wire 239, terminal 228. ziriuui'iii'e 22L wire zl'l l. the coil of the relay 2137 ziiiil returns to the battery over the wire 23$. Thus. the s iiig magnet is actuated when a single short impulse is sent over the line. l1. czisc a s n gle long impulse is sent over the line the local circuits will be closeil through the arcuate switch to the c ntact button 212 iiiiil also between the arinzitures 221 and 222 unit the terminals 228 and 229, respectively. Current now flows from the battery UiCl the wire 2h] throue h the coil 160, over the wire 245i, tQ1'li'llll2ll l. iii-nurture 22:2, wire 21H, through the coil oi? t he rchi 220, and i'itiliiis to the battery our the ii'iics 236 and 2 Thus, the type carriage releiise iiuipiicl. ii is :ic'tuutecl whei :1 single long impulse is 1 over the line.

ln order to allow time 5'1. carriage 0 hotel the length of ')U"tl in rolls. Z1 shunti'lfiihll. Ll-lil.

it lug 2%, on tlic plunger liiilc l'i, ciigzic'ci-s the switch hiii' 215 to L.l(.it3 the circuii when the plunger 1H oi'ziwii into the coil. This shunt circuit is lll'fllilll by :1 spring switch 217' (high. aiiil 2-1) which u; opened by a linear 2. on one of the urine 2] when the cum. is brought ugii' t the stop 192.

l flien iwo sluirt iiiz iiulses are sent over the line the wiper 2h iii the :irciuite switch is iiioietl, to the seconil coii'hict button 213 to i .i i s i wire 22h). the ci ii iii the relay 219 and re- L 1 i i.

turns to H litciy over the wire 23h. ilheu uzii-c then two impulses we sent over the line (lo the selection ol (.llil actors on th e type wheel) the arcuiite switch wiper 210 is moved to the contact 2ly-l. i'i licii 'llie iinpulses are ill :llUTt't ihii'utiou current llowr-i 'llfiill ihc liuttery l over the wire 225i, wiper 2th. u wire 253. :1. wire 25th to the coil ot the iriiiti'iie' llltljjlltlfi 156 hr the wires 25]. l U c f the tei'iuiiiiil :i iiu'itiirc 522i. wire 233, the core ol the relay 2H) uni'l wire 235i to the battery. it :i lonp; impulse is sciil; over the line in comliiuiiliou with :i plurality of short impulses the shitting);ini'igi iict U? will he tic-- tiuiteil as well :is the printing; iiuignet 150. in this cusc the current iliiiiles 'lroi'ii the wire 25th :i purl l'lowiiigj over the Wire 2514-. l'lHOllflll the printing iiiiinfiiel'. as described ziliore. and a part 'llowiun' oiei' :i wire through the i-ihi'litiugr iiui rnct lfii'. over wires anil Elli. the leiiiiiiuil 22$)- :Hilllliilllfi wire 234, the coil ol the relay 220 tlIllll returns to the buttery ()\(I this wire 2 th auil 236.

The arrangement ol' the periiiuiicut uni e nets 122 coil 12? is such that their Ill ljacent poles are alike iiuil ill! wiiiiliiur ol' the coils lit) and .20 is such tluil when current llows through reiiil coils the urnuo three 125 unil l2l3 will he uuigi iicl'iiccil with their upper eiiih of opposite POllllil). 'l hus. current llli'h'lilfj through said oils in one ilireel-ion will cziuse the uruuiture 120 to be brought ugrziinst the contact screw ill and current in the opposite ilirectioii will cause the armature r25 to he brought against the lilo , screw 130. In the illustrated embodiment of my invention positive impulses sent over the line actuate the armature 126 and negative impulses actuate the armature 125.

Mechanical operation of printing division.

The design of the levers 1841 and 135 (Fi gs. 6 and 8) and the linkage connecting said lovers with the stop bar 1617 is such that movement of the armature 126 to contact with the screw 131 will tilt the lever 185 on the pin 13? suiliciently to step rotation of the 't ie wheel 1 as soon as said wheel has turned a distance equivalent to eight characters on the printiiiig stroke and movement 01" the armature to contact with the screw 130 will tilt the lever 13 1 on the pin 131 to allow rotation ot the type wheel 1 a distance equal to one character on said wheel. To illustrate, when the letter P is to be printed (the selection being accom plished by three positive and four negative impulses sent over the line wire 102) each 01' the three positive impulses will. actuate the armature 126 to move the stop bar 1 17 into position to engage the ratchet 1-18 in the twenty-tourth notch and each of the four succeeding negative impulses will actuate the armature 125 to move the stop bar 1417' so as to engage the ratchet 14:8 after said ratchet has turned an additional tour notches. This stops the type wheel rotation at a point where the twenty-eighth character or the letter P on the type wheel is adjacent to the roller platen S. Simultaneous with this movement of the stop bar 14:7 the arouate switch (Fig. 9) actuated. The rod 23 being turned in the direction of the ar row, as described above, the wiper bar 210 will be moved successively into contact with the buttons 212, 218 and 214, through the gear segments 208 and 209 and the spindle 218 to successively complete the spacing, backspacing and printing circuits. l-lowever, the movement of the wiper 210 over the buttons 212 and 213 in the case of the selection 01 the letter P is so rapid that the spacing and back spacing magnets will not have time to operate but when the third negative impulse turns the rod to bring the wiper 210 into contact with the button 214;, the lug 217 will strike the circumference 215 ot the gear segment 208 to stop the wiper 210 on the contact 214:. n urther rotation of the rod 23 caused by a greater number of impulses is permitted by the sliding action 1 the circumference 215 on the lug 217. Thus, the printing magnet circuit is complGt-Od when three or more negative impulses or one'or more positive impulses are sent over the line.

As the rod 31 is moved forward on the printing strolre the spindle 22 is rotated by the pinion 1515) (Figs. 6 and 8) until the ratchet 1 18 strikes the stop 1 17, when rotation 01 the spindle 22 is stopped with the selected character adjacent to the roller platen 3. Further movement of the type wheel on the printing stroke tilts the rack 150, the support 151 and stop bar 147 against the action of the spring 152. This spring and the spring 1 15 return the several parts to starting position when the printing magnet plunger is released, and the cross bar 142 is moved downward to disengage the dogs 1:51, and 133 and detents 1511 irom the racks on the lower end of the levers 134 and 135 by means of co-acting lugs 167 and 14:2, respectively.

Shifting from the upper to the lower row 01'' type, on the wheel a, is accomplished simultaneously w'th the above printing action when the magnet 157 is energized, by an impulse of longer duration, as described above. lVhen it is desired to space between words in a message, the space key is depressed so as to send a single short impulse over the line as described above. This single short impulse operates to turn the rod 23 and brings the wiper 210 in contact with the button 212, the ellfect being to energize the magnet 158 and depress the adjacent end of the lever 18 1 while the opposite end of said lever is held stationary by its connection with the crank 162. The crank 185 moves the rack 167 together with the type wheel carriage longitudinally as described above. ll hen a single long impulse is sent, the magnet 160 is energized; the free end ot the lever 176 is depressed and by means of the bars 172 and 173 and the pins 171, the racks 16'? and 168, are sin'iultaneously moved downward. This releases the teeth on said racks :trom the bloclr 170 and allows the spring actuated drum 190 to draw the type wheel carriage to the left (Figs. 4:, 5 and 8) against the cushion stop 192. As the arm 27 strikes the step 192 the finger 248, on said arm, strikes and opens the spring switch 2 17 to break the circuit through the magnet 160. actuating the magnet 160 also operates to turn the roller 3 by means of the link 257, lever 258 and finger 260.

The back spacing ltey operates to send two impulses over the line and causes the wiper 210 to be moved to the button 218, thus, closing the circuit through the magnet 159. Operating the magnet 159 tilts the bar 17 9 on the bracket 181 and through the bar 180 raises the rack 169 to engagement with the teeth on the block 170 and simultaneously (by means of the tori; 183) depresses the lever 17 6 to disengage the racks 167 and 168. The teeth on the rack 169 being intermediate the teeth on the racks 167 and 168, the type wheel carriage will now move backward halt a. space, and. when the magnet 159 is deenergized, will allow the racks 167 and 168 

